防(fang)爆分析(xi)小(xiao)屋(wu)應(ying)用于煉油(you)、化工(gong)(gong)、冶金、制(zhi)藥及(ji)(ji)輕工(gong)(gong)業等生產中,對各種過程(cheng)氣體(ti)在線(xian)分析(xi)儀(yi)及(ji)(ji)各種在線(xian)水(shui)質分析(xi)儀(yi)提供現場的安(an)全安(an)裝空間及(ji)(ji)防(fang)護。
1、 范圍
防爆分(fen)析小屋應用于煉油、化工、冶金、制藥及輕工業等生產中(zhong),對各種過(guo)程氣體在(zai)線分(fen)析儀及各種在(zai)線水質分(fen)析儀提供現場的(de)安(an)全安(an)裝空間(jian)及防護。
2、小屋尺寸
根據用戶需要制造(zao)。一般以小屋(wu)外尺寸(cun)3000mm(長)×3000mm(寬)×3000mm(高)表示。
小(xiao)屋屬于非標(biao)產品(pin),其大小(xiao)可(ke)根據分(fen)析儀(yi)的數量(liang)、類型、系統復雜程度和(he)操作(zuo)維護空間確(que)定(ding),并應留有適當余地。受長途運輸條件限制,其外(wai)形(xing)尺寸一般(ban)如下:
長度:室外主體2.5~6.5m(考(kao)慮到標準鋼材(cai)定尺和吊(diao)裝、運輸(shu)結構(gou)(gou)強(qiang)度問題,單個分析小屋長度不宜超(chao)過6.5m,如果長度6.5m,可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用組合(he)式結構(gou)(gou),分體制(zhi)作(zuo),運輸(shu)到現場后在組合(he)成一(yi)體,也可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用兩個分析小屋實現)。
寬度:室外(wai)主體2.5m,最(zui)寬不(bu)應該超過3.0m(受公路(lu)運(yun)輸(shu)寬度限制,寬度不(bu)宜超過3.0m)。
高(gao)(gao)度:室外主體2.5~3.0m(受(shou)通過立交橋、隧道(dao)時的高(gao)(gao)度限制(zhi)),室內凈高(gao)(gao)2.2~2.8m。
3、小屋機械結構及材質要求(qiu)
⑴骨架、底座和屋頂
分析小屋(wu)(wu)的骨架、底(di)座和(he)屋(wu)(wu)頂為(wei)金屬構件,采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)型鋼焊接(jie)而(er)成,應有(you)足夠(gou)的強度及剛性,保證分析小屋(wu)(wu)在(zai)荷載(zai)、起 吊、平移(yi)和(he)運輸時不變形。底(di)座的主(zhu)框架宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)12#~20#槽鋼,地(di)板龍(long)骨下(xia)方(fang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)兩根10#~12#槽鋼或(huo)工字鋼作為(wei)支(zhi)撐梁,主(zhu)框架、地(di)板龍(long)骨和(he)支(zhi)撐梁均應焊接(jie)連接(jie),保證維護人員在(zai)室內走動(dong)時地(di)板不震顫。屋(wu)(wu)頂邊(bian)框和(he)主(zhu)梁宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)10#~12#槽鋼,并在(zai)寬(kuan)度方(fang)向用(yong)(yong)(yong)8#~10#槽鋼作為(wei)主(zhu)梁和(he)屋(wu)(wu)頂龍(long)骨支(zhi)撐,均應焊接(jie)連接(jie),防止扭曲變形。屋(wu)(wu)頂應有(you)一(yi)定的傾斜度,坡度至少為(wei)4%,可呈A型或(huo)一(yi)面斜坡結構,不允許采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)平頂,以防雨(yu)水積存。
⑵內外(wai)(wai)墻和內外(wai)(wai)頂面板
外(wai)(wai)墻(qiang)面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)宜使(shi)用(yong)(yong)1.5mm~2.0mm鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)制作,可采用(yong)(yong)∏型(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式拼(pin)裝(zhuang)結(jie)構形成(cheng)外(wai)(wai)墻(qiang),在焊(han)接工(gong)藝可以保證(zheng)的(de)情況下,也(ye)(ye)可采用(yong)(yong)帶肋鍍鋅板(ban)(ban)(ban)焊(han)接結(jie)構形成(cheng)外(wai)(wai)墻(qiang)面(mian)。采用(yong)(yong)∏型(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式拼(pin)裝(zhuang)結(jie)構的(de)外(wai)(wai)墻(qiang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)宜使(shi)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(304SS,推薦使(shi)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)拉絲覆膜板(ban)(ban)(ban)),也(ye)(ye)可也(ye)(ye)可使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鍍鋅鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban),使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鍍鋅鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)時必須進行表(biao)面(mian)噴涂(tu)處理,噴涂(tu)顏色為白色或(huo)國際(ji)灰色。
內墻(qiang)面板(ban)(ban)和天花(hua)板(ban)(ban)宜使(shi)用(yong)1.5mm~2.0mm鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)制(zhi)作,二工電氣小(xiao)屋材料使(shi)用(yong)鍍鋅鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)或(huo)冷軋(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban),也(ye)可(ke)根據用(yong)戶(hu)要(yao)求(qiu)使(shi) 用(yong)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)。使(shi)用(yong)鍍鋅鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)或(huo)冷軋(ya)板(ban)(ban)時必須進行表面噴涂(tu)處理(li),噴涂(tu)顏(yan)色(se):天花(hua)板(ban)(ban)為白(bai)色(se)亮光漆,內墻(qiang)面板(ban)(ban)為白(bai)色(se)啞(ya)光漆。屋頂(ding)(ding)面板(ban)(ban)須進行有效的防雨設(she)計,可(ke)使(shi)用(yong)搭(da)扣結構的拼裝式(shi)防雨設(she)計或(huo)平面焊接式(shi)防雨設(she)計。材料使(shi)用(yong)1.5mm~2.0mm不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)制(zhi)作,保證(zheng)屋頂(ding)(ding)面耐腐蝕的持久(jiu)性能(neng),外(wai)頂(ding)(ding)承重(zhong)(zhong)能(neng)力≥250kg/m2(兩個人的重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang))且不(bu)發生永久(jiu)變(bian)形。
⑶保溫層
內(nei)外墻和(he)內(nei)外頂(ding)之間(jian)填充阻燃性保(bao)溫(wen)材料(礦(kuang)巖棉(mian)等),保(bao)溫(wen)層厚(hou)度(du)一般(ban)在70~75mm(3in),嚴(yan)寒或酷熱地區(qu)應(ying)加厚(hou)至80~85mm。
⑷地板
地板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)應為防滑金屬板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),宜使(shi)用(yong)4~6mm鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)制(zhi)作,材(cai)料(liao)根據用(yong)戶要(yao)求(qiu)可使(shi)用(yong)花紋不(bu)銹鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),也可使(shi)用(yong)花紋鍍(du)鋅鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或熱軋鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),使(shi)用(yong)鍍(du)鋅鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或熱軋板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)必須(xu)進行表(biao)面噴涂處理,噴涂顏色(se)一(yi)般為灰色(se),必要(yao)時可加一(yi)層防靜(jing)電塑膠板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。
小屋(wu)(wu)內部(bu)避免有(you)可(ke)能積(ji)聚(ju)氣(qi)體(ti)的死角和(he)溝槽,小屋(wu)(wu)高低處應(ying)開有(you)合適的手(shou)動或自動排氣(qi)孔,以(yi)防氣(qi)體(ti)積(ji)聚(ju)。樣品預處理單元、載氣(qi)鋼瓶、標(biao)準(zhun)氣(qi)瓶和(he)實驗室(shi)人工分析取樣點(dian)應(ying)位于小屋(wu)(wu)外面。
4、小屋配電
分析小屋的照明燈、通(tong)風機(ji)、空調、維修插座等公用設備由(you)工業電(dian)源供電(dian)。
5、分析小(xiao)屋的安全檢測報警系統
可燃氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)器:選用(yong)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)探頭和信號變送器一體(ti)化(hua)結構的產品。有毒(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)器:當(dang)樣品或周圍(wei)環境(jing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)中含有有毒(du)組分(fen)時,須設有毒(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)報警器,要求與可燃氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)報警器相同。
微差(cha)壓(ya)變送(song)器(qi)? 分(fen)析小(xiao)屋(wu)(wu)根據內部(bu)體積大小(xiao)安裝不(bu)同(tong)數(shu)量(liang)的(de)微差(cha)壓(ya)變送(song)器(qi)來檢測分(fen)析小(xiao)屋(wu)(wu)內的(de)正壓(ya)壓(ya)力。微差(cha)壓(ya)變送(song)器(qi)向PLC控制器(qi)提供(gong)的(de)信(xin)(xin)號的(de)原則為3選2,即PLC通過壓(ya)力信(xin)(xin)號對分(fen)析小(xiao)屋(wu)(wu)內非防爆(bao)電氣(qi)設備(bei)的(de)電源切斷控制,必須是(shi)小(xiao)屋(wu)(wu)內如有(you)(you)3個微差(cha)壓(ya)變送(song)器(qi),有(you)(you)2個以上(shang)同(tong)時給(gei)出低于安全規定(ding)壓(ya)力值(zhi)時,PLC才給(gei)出切斷分(fen)析小(xiao)屋(wu)(wu)內非防爆(bao)電氣(qi)設備(bei)電源的(de)命令。聲(sheng)光報警(jing)器(qi)件、警(jing)笛、警(jing)燈(旋轉閃光型(xing)),裝在(zai)小(xiao)屋(wu)(wu)外。
防爆報警控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)箱內裝小(xiao)型可編程序控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(PLC或處理器(qi)),面板上設有各種指示燈(deng)和按鈕。其作用是(shi)對(dui)安全檢測(ce)報警系統進行控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),實現(xian)就地報警(小(xiao)屋室(shi)內外),控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)報警和連(lian)鎖功能(如(ru)啟動風(feng)機(ji)及打開儀(yi)表風(feng)進行換排氣(qi))。
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